本帖最后由 恩格斯那兔 于 2023-7-23 00:57 编辑
以前看过几个老帖讨论稳压阀，但是到现在这个论坛都快凉透了，也没看到有人来清楚地解释这个问题。
tldr: 能适应低温环境，是因为有了稳压阀就可以将喷孔（edit: 实际上是进气孔）做大，这样气罐内压力低的时候会有更多的气喷出来。
以下内容来自 Adventures In Stoving:
What is a regulator valve, and how can it help? There are several layers here, so bear with me. It should make sense in the end.
First, a regulator valve has a pressure regulator built into it. This pressure regulator can insure that no more than a certain flow of gas is fed to the burner at a time.
Uh, Jim, that's great, but I thought you said the problem was not enough gas. Now, you're talking about a device that prEVENTs too much gas.
Well, yes, and here's the issue: A stove has to be able to operate safely in hot weather as well as cold. If the stove designer "opens up" a stove too much in terms of gas flow, then there could be a disaster in the offing.
Here's what I mean: It's a hot day. Your canister pressure is at an all time high. You open up your valve all the way without really thinking about it. The gas rushes through with such force that the flame lifts off the burner and is pushed out and away from where the gas is coming from. If pushed far enough, the flame will go out even though there was no interruption to the flow of gas.
Now, let's think about this. We've got a red hot stove, and the flame is out. We've got volumes of highly flammable petroleum gas rushing out of the tank. Say, do you think that having a highly flammable, potentially explosive gas rushing toward red hot metal could be a problem? This could go bad very quickly. I think you get my drift here.
If a stove designer opens up a stove too much, he or she risks putting someone into the burn ward of the hospital unless... unless there's a pressure regulator present of course. Now, with a pressure regulator, the stove designer can "open up" the flow all he or she likes without worrying about exceeding a maximum safe amount. If the canister pressure gets too high, the regulator steps in and inhibits the pressure. In cold weather, our "opened up" stove lets plenty of gas through, and we can cook even when the canister pressure is fairly low.
Take a look at the photo below. On the left is the jet of a regulator valved stove, a soto WindMaster
(perhaps the highest quality upright canister stove on the market today). On the right is the jet of a non-regulator valved stove from Primus. You can see even with the naked eye that the aperture of the jet on the left is quite a bit larger. Measurements reveal that the regulator valved stove has a jet size of 0.4 mm. The non-regulator valved stove has a jet size of 0.23 mm. (It's a bit confusing because the jet on the right is stamped "32" which may be a part number, but the size is 0.23 mm.)
If we calculate the cross sectional area of each jet, we find that the regulated jet's area is more than triple that of the non-regulated jet. You can get a lot more gas through that larger opening.
A regulator valved stove, left (a Soto WindMaster). A non-regulator valved stove on the right.
The regulator valved stove has a jet size of 0.4 mm. The non-regulator valved stove has a jet size of 0.23 mm.
A non regulator valved stove can't be opened up like this; it just isn't safe. The designer has to build a non regulated stove such that it is safe at maximum canister pressure; there is no inhibiting regulator. He or she has to "choke" the stove, and cannot allow it to be opened up. When cold weather comes, a non-regulator valved stove doesn't have the capability to let enough gas through, and performance falls off quickly.
A regulator valved stove can be built such that the stove can operate at near 100% flame when there is, say, only 15% of maximum pressure available. On the other hand, a non-regulator valved stove operated at 15% of maximum pressure will have a flame that is about 15% of maximum. Being able to have a 100% flame at, say, 15% pressure is the true advantage of a regulator valved stove in cold weather. Note that I'm using "15%" here. This number is meant to be illustrative more than it is meant to be exact. Each stove's design will be different.
